Main foci of leishmaniases

Leishmaniases are mostly zoonotic diseases which may be separated into Old World and New World forms. Old World leishmaniases include cutaneous (L. major or L. tropica), mucocutaneous (L. aethiopica) and visceral forms (L. donovani in Africa and India, L. infantum in Africa, Mediterranean basin, Central Asia and China). New World leishmaniases are mucocutaneous and caused by 2 subgenus, Leishmania (L. mexicana, L. amazonensis) or Viannia (L.v guyanensis, L.v panamensis, L.v braziliensis, L.v peruviana), or visceral (L. chagasi in Brasil) – Diagram realised from a projection of Mercanti –